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Ruth and Esther are the only two women for whom books of the Hebrew Bible are named. This distinction in itself sets the books apart from other biblical texts that bear male names, address the community through its male members, recall the workings of God and human history through a predominately male perspective, and look to the future through male heirs. These books are particular stories of...

In the Jewish Bible, the books of Ruth and Esther are found in the Ketuvim (that is, Hagiographa or Writings). Both are included in what is known as the Hamesh Megillot, meaning “Five Scrolls,” or more commonly, simply the Megillot. Collectively, the Megillot includes Ruth, Song of Songs (Canticles), Qoheleth (Ecclesiastes), Lamentations, and Esther. Likely, the Megillot was not always considered a single collection, and the books within it were produced individually.
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